PUN017 Health Planning And Evaluation

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PUN017 Health Planning And Evaluation

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PUN017 Health Planning And Evaluation

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Course Code: PUN017
University: Queensland University Of Technology

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Country: Australia

Question:
Disucss some of the obstacles in developing effective public health policy

Answer:
Government generally develops the plans and policies, which are implemented by the arm length bodies. They have to make and implement new and innovative changes in various segments of the health system without knowing about the complexities in this process. In the implementation of public health care policy, the organizations face several challenges.
During the past few years, these challenges have seen a reduction, but they have not been eliminated fully. Most of the countries face issues and barriers, which are related to the health care systems. The major factors behind these challenges are increased cost of health care and decreased return on investment for elderly populations (Conklin, Morris, & Nolte, 2015).
Obstacles in Implementation of public health care policy
Lack of Stable resources
According to the staff at the managerial positions, health care policy is restricted by the financial stability of the health care organizations. At the time of planning the policy, it is assumed that that these organizations will finance the working hours of professionals in the health care workforces, along with the means coming from offering the services. In developing countries, hospitals have been confronting a crisis over the past last few decades. Moreover, they are unable to get the additional resources to give funds to professional working hours (Crinson, 2008). In this situation, the organizations need a huge investment and funding from local and federal government. The government should make more investment in shaping the public health workforce to ensure effective and efficient functioning of the health care systems. If there will be a strong linkage between health care systems and public health, then it will help in making the national health systems more sustainable and affordable.
Mismanagement and Poor Administration
Along with the least financial and additional resources, the health agencies may face the challenges related to poor administration and mismanagement. This problem is becoming very common across the world (Hasson, Andersson, & Bejerholm, 2011). In some countries, health care agencies are anticipating shortage of nurses and other professionals.
Requirement of training and education program
When a health care policy is structured in the system, there is a requirement of training and education program for health care professionals, which is related to their new tasks and responsibilities (Figueras & McKee, 2012). Sometimes, these professionals try to resist new policies and program, so organizations need to conduct training program to teach and motivate them towards new policy.
Misperception and negative attitude of people
This is a crucial challenge, which can be faced in the process of implementation of effective health care policy for public. The organizations face these issues from both external and internal stakeholders as well. Like; most of the nursing staff have negative attitude towards new health care policy (Green, 2007). They think that they have to change their current practices and resist adopting new policies. They have fear for change.
In addition, another challenge for the implementation is that fact that patients and nurses generally have their own contrasting beliefs and views. These viewpoints of prevent them from achieving a consensus on implementation of public health policy. For example, this obstacle can be seen in the case of child care, where the patients’ families are also involved.
Time Management
Time management is another problem in the health care practice, which ultimately influences the motivation levels of health professionals. It leads to reduction of application of such policies and strategies. When the organization does not follow the predetermined time frame, then it affects the progress and evaluation of these policies (Lin, Smith, Fawkes, 2014).
Absence of technology
In some cases, the lack of technology is noted as one of the major reasons, so that implementation of health care policy is not done successfully.
Response to the population change
With the increase in the life expectancy rates and non-communicable and chronic diseases spread globally, there is a dual challenge for the action and policy (Roh, 2012). In the implementation of public health policy, the agencies have to consider that how best they can promote the healthy living and well-being and fight with the commercial forces. There are some factors, which are driving unhealthy behavior in the public, like; dieting, alcohol misuse, lack of physical activeness, tobacco, gambling and obesity. These are the causes, which can impose threat on implementation of public health policy.
Contradictory Patient Expectations
One of the crucial barriers in implementation of health care policy is contrary expectations of patients. For example, there may be some patients or customers, who can demand something different, which is not the part of an individual health policy (Weeramanthri & Bailie, 2015). Most of the patients who come for getting health care services; they come with predetermined opinions and ideas about the treatment and prescription. It contradicts the public health policy of organization.
Thus, the health care organizations and government should make efforts and implement strategies to overcome these challenges in today’s health care environment.
References
Conklin, A., Morris, Z., & Nolte, E. (2015). What is the evidence base for public involvement in health?care policy?: results of a systematic scoping review. Health Expectations, 18(2), 153-165.
Crinson, I. (2008). Health Policy: A Critical Perspective. SAGE Publications.
Hasson, H., Andersson, M., & Bejerholm, U. (2011). Barriers in implementation of evidencebased practice: Supported employment in Swedish context. Journal of health organization and management, 25(3), 332-345.
Figueras J & McKee M. (2012). Health Systems, Health, Wealth and Societal Well-Being: Assessing the Case for Investing in Health Systems. Berkshire: Open University Press.
Green, A. (2007). An Introduction to Health Planning for Developing Health Systems. Oxford University Press.
Lin V, Smith J, Fawkes S. (2014). Public Health Practice in Australia – The Organised Effort. 2nd ed Crows Nest: Allen and Unwin;
Roh, K.A. (2012). Challenges to Policy Implementation: An Examination of an Integrated Health Care Delivery System Demonstration Project. Political Science Honors Project.
Weeramanthri, T.S. & Bailie, R.S. (2015). Grand Challenges in Public Health Policy. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4332160/.

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