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Public Health Intervention Management
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Public Health Intervention Management
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Problem/context description
Obesity and overweight are few of the health issues that New Zealand and its healthcare system is facing nowadays. With each passing year, the number of adults and children suffering from obesity is increasing which is the major concern for the healthcare ministry and the facilities throughout the country (Swinburn & Wood, 2013). Obesity is directly associated to the social determinants of health, especially the socio-economic status of the population affected with obesity. Besides the social determinants, personal activity level and genetics also play a major role in enhancing the risk related to obesity in population (Lal et al., 2012). Further, lack of health literacy, access to healthy food and environment, physical activity related scope and food marketing are primary reason of obesity that can affect the quality of life, mental health and ultimately becomes life-threatening for the population (Farrant et al., 2013). In the previous assignment, the state of obesity was discussed with relation to different communities such as Maori, Asian community and other ethnicities present in the Manukau central present in south Auckland, New Zealand. In this assignment, the community population attributes, the present stakeholders detailed analysis, and capacity assessment will be carried out, to assure the effective public health intervention.
Community population attributes
According to the data collected from the Counties Manukau website, it can be determined that Maori community is the third largest local community after the Asian and pacific community (Counties Manukau Health, 2018).
The entire Maori community of New Zealand resides in this location with 16% population, whereas pacific and Asian origin people are present with 21 and 24% population in Manukau. Further, within this population, the younger generation is mainly composed with Maori, Asian and pacific origin people. All these counties are dispersed in four districts of county Manukau within which in Manukau district, Maori and Indian community prevails (Counties Manukau Health, 2018).
While determining the data related to social determinant of health such as socio-economic status, it was determined that as per the 2013 consensus data, more than 36% of people of Manukau county was living in socio-economically deprived state that was estimated to be 192,520 people by the end of 2016, living in a state of economic, social and physically deprived state. Within this, Maori population was severely affected and 58% of countries Maori population and 78% of Manukau’s Maori population was deprived due to less Socio-economic status (Counties Manukau Health, 2018).
Therefore, from these above data, it was clear that this important determinant of social health was the primary reason for the prevalence of overweight and obesity in the population of Manukau County as they were unable to access god food, quality healthcare and healthy environment to control their obesity (Counties Manukau Health, 2018).
Stakeholder analysis
As mentioned in the previous assignment, the aim of this assessment was to create a healthcare promotional plan for the population of county Manukau. It is a fact that, for a successful commencement of healthcare promotional plan, it should be targeted to a specific community and a specific location so that the beneficial outcomes of that can be used for other location and communities too. Therefore, the Manukau district has been chosen for the healthcare program related to obesity and the community that will be targeted is Maori, having prevalence in the district alongside Indian origin people (Nitsch et al., 2013). Therefore, the stakeholders will be the Maori community, the healthcare workers in the area and people involved in the promotional program, the local government, policy makers, and employees working in healthcare facilities, labours, ministry of healthcare as well as different profitable and non-profitable government organizations or NGOs. Through this stakeholder analysis the qualitative information related to the obesity in Maori community and useful policies and legislations used by other countries to manage such condition will be determined. The analysis will the assessment of different programs and policies so that the increasing obesity in Maori population can be stopped (Haluza & Jungwirth, 2015).
The process of stakeholder analysis will consists of eight steps such as planning of the process, selecting and defining policies related to the topic, identifying key stakeholders, adapting different tools, collecting informations related to the process and tools further using rest of the steps to use the information and determining improvement in the obesity related condition. This is an important step as using this, the key actors of the process, their role, ability, position, alliance, interest and importance in the process can be understood. AS a result, the healthcare program members and policy makers will be able to interact so that actions in the favor of Maori population can be taken. Further prior to implementation of the healthcare program, if this analysis is carried out, then potential problems and misunderstanding that can occur in the process can be understood and can be eliminated (Gilson et al., 2012).
Baseline/initial capacity assessment
Capacity Domain
Description of your assessment
Evidence sources
Subjective rating
Leadership
Leadership is the stage that helps to initiate or lead the healthcare reform policy. In this healthcare program it should be assessed so that the leadership power of Maori community representatives in the society can be assessed. Further the necessary steps taken by them for to support or oppose the new or existing policy can be also be understood. The presence of Maori community in Healthcare ministry and medical association was noted, However, in regional and local government no Maori representative was present with high power and leadership. Therefore several regional organizations with low leadership power present to determine the health benefits of Maori. Further community forums such as Wh?nau Ora and Te Rau Matatini demonstrated a moderate level of power and leadership strength of Maori community in County Manukau. They was important for the development and implementation of modified legislations for healthcare of Maori community.
The sources from which, these data were collected are: (Ministry of Health NZ, 2018)
And the type of data was observational.
4
Workforce
The workers who will be involved in the healthcare promotional plan for maori community will be local residents having health literacy and knowledge of obesity and associated risks. Further, for the leadership and management % leaders of Te Puni K?kiri community will be involved so that they can lead the workforce in five different locations of Manukau district. Healthcare facilities and NGOs will be asked to provide workforce, with nursing staff, physicians, nutritionists and counsellors having various expertise will be included. All the members are perennially committed to the improvement in the wellbeing of the Maori People. Further a total 100 people will be recruited for the healthcare program for obesity concern in Maori community and will be directed in five locations of Manukau district. Further, the local municipal and government Maori leaders will be asked to join the campaign so that the healthcare campaign can be promoted in the entire community.
The sources for such workforce collection will be newspaper articles, through which 100 volunteers will be recruited and further application will be provided to NGOs, healthcare facilities so that they can provide healthcare experts, nurses, motivators and dieticians for the obesity related healthcare program and the process be consultation based
4
Organisation
The organizations that will be included in the healthcare purpose of Maori community living in the Manukau district will be the healthcare facilities present in the district, NGOs and governmental organizations targeted for welfare of Maori community, local municipal office, and governmental schools. The purpose of including municipal and local schools are to arrange places for the organization of healthcare campaigns. Further informing municipal will provide amenities that are important in population gatherings such as safety and security related instruments. Further involving NGOs, and governmental Maori welfare organization in this purpose, will provide human as well as financial resources in the project that will determine the successful implementation of healthcare promotional plan directed against the obesity related issue in Maori community.
Ministry of Health NZ, 2018);
The evidence of these sources is subjective.
3
Project Management
The total estimated member in the healthcare campaign will be 100 and prior to involvement, they will be assessed for cultural and clinical competence aspects. Further ttheir ability to access the community resources and community intelligence so that can become involved in community affairs with community leaders and elders is also assessed. This project will involve working in synchronisation with the leaders and elders of the Maori community so that they can be educated about obesity, providing them opportunity to make healthier choices of diet and lifestyle, to encourage them to increase their physical activity and exercise so that physically they can become active and reduce their chances of obesity. The employees will also be focused about the cultural ties of the Maori youth to the heritage, through the involvement of the community elders, hence, achievement of the aim and objective of the healthcare promotional plan.
(Hudson et al. 2016; Lovell & Rosenberg, 2016)
3
Community
The key role in this healthcare program was of the Maori community. They had the primary role in decision making, utilisation of resources and the strategies to implement them on their healthcare needs. The interventions that will be used for their obesity concern will be based on the evidences present in the society so that their decisions and practices can be implemented in the process.
The evidence for this will be collected from different literatures. According to Barthow et al. (2015), involving Maori and their decisions are important so that a vital aspect of their healthcare can be addresses. Smylie et al. (2016) also determined that health promotion programs should promote participation from indigenous communities.
5
Intelligence
There are different strategies that will be implemented in the obesity related healthcare intervention. Such as, involving local government and municipal officers for the community prospect, facilitating contribution for all the service providers, including trained personnel in the promotional event and strengthening the healthcare infrastructure of the local healthcare facilities.
Ministry of healthcare, 2018.
The Data is subjective
5
Physical infrastructure
There are different equipment, infrastructure and instrumental needs present to successfully implement and facilitate the healthcare promotional program for Maori community. These are: Centres of administration and administrative relation, health education centres, local schools, municipal offices, healthcare facilities, NGOs
Ministry of healthcare, 2018.
The Data is subjective
5
Capacity building strategy
The capacity building is a process, which is associated with the development of potential of individuals, organizations and the associated communities so that their skills can be improved, maintained and their knowledge regarding the [process can be enhanced, depending on the changing and developing healthcare needs of the civic (Severinsson, 2014). Further it also involved developing competencies of the healthcare facilities involved in the process, so that the healthcare need of the community can be addressed with cultural and professional support. Different researchers define different steps for the development of capacity building. Abdulraheem, Olapipo & Amodu (2012) determines that it can be developed in three key areas such as strong and visible leadership, research expertise, so that nursing programs related to the project can be clearly understood, and thirdly, enhancing the ability of administrations and personalities to participate in developmental processes. According to these actions, the following points should be optimized in the healthcare practice for Maori community suffering from obesity in the Manukau County. These are:
involving the Maori standards throughout the developmental stage of the healthcare program
Counting grassroots workers who can form the mainstay of the health promotion labor force and to develop capabilities in the workforce
Guaranteeing proper time is accessible to access with the Maori leaders in a expressive and constructive way.
Conclusion
The current global healthcare sector is suffering from lifestyle related disorders such as obesity, stress, depression more than substantial diseases such as cancer, or other physiological diseases. This is because of the impact of different social, economic and cultural aspects on human health. Maori community is currently one of the deprived community in New Zealand and therefore, in Manukau County they are in higher amount suffering from Obesity, as their socioeconomic status are low with less or no health literacy. . It is therefore important that this problem is addressed to ensure the wellbeing of the community members. In this assignment, the approach of healthcare promotional program, role of involved stakeholders and capacity building plan was discussed, that ensures the successful implementation of healthcare campaign directed for obesity in Maori community living in Manukau district of New Zealand.
References
Abdulraheem, B. I., Olapipo, A. R., & Amodu, M. O. (2012). Primary health care services in Nigeria: Critical issues and strategies for enhancing the use by the rural communities. Journal of public health and epidemiology, 4(1), 5-13.
Barthow, C., Jones, B., Macdonald, L., Vernall, S., Gallagher, P., & McKinlay, E. (2015). Researching in the community: the value and contribution of nurses to community based or primary health care research. Primary health care research & development, 16(3), 224-234.
Counties Manukau Health, (2018). Demographic Profile: 2013 Census Population of Counties Manukau. Counties Manukau Health. Retrieved from: https://www.countiesmanukau.health.nz/assets/About-CMH/Demographics-and-populations/Census-2013-profile-for-residents-of-Counties-Manukau.pdf
Farrant, B., Utter, J., Ameratunga, S., Clark, T., Fleming, T., & Denny, S. (2013). Prevalence of severe obesity among New Zealand adolescents and associations with health risk behaviors and emotional well-being. The Journal of pediatrics, 163(1), 143-149.
Gilson, L., Erasmus, E., Borghi, J., Macha, J., Kamuzora, P., & Mtei, G. (2012). Using stakeholder analysis to support moves towards universal coverage: lessons from the SHIELD project. Health policy and planning, 27(suppl_1), i64-i76.
Haluza, D., & Jungwirth, D. (2015). ICT and the future of health care: aspects of health promotion. International journal of medical informatics, 84(1), 48-57.
Hudson, M., Beaton, A., Milne, M., Port, W., Russell, K., Smith, B., … & Wilcox, P. (2016). Te Mata Ira: Guidelines for Genomic Research with M?ori.: Te Mata Ira: Guidelines for Genomic Research with M?ori.
Lal, A., Moodie, M., Ashton, T., Siahpush, M., & Swinburn, B. (2012). Health care and lost productivity costs of overweight and obesity in New Zealand. Australian and New Zealand journal of public health, 36(6), 550-556.
Lovell, S. A., & Rosenberg, M. W. (2016). 6 Community capacity building through qualitative methodologies. Practicing Qualitative Methods in Health Geographies, 92.
Ministry of Health NZ. (2018). Ministry of Health NZ. Ministry of Health NZ. Retrieved 27 April 2018, from https://www.health.govt.nz/
Ministry of healthcare (2018). DHB TOOLKIT Obesity. moh.govt.nz. Retrieved 27 April 2018, from https://www.moh.govt.nz/notebook/nbbooks.nsf/0/13406dd169800c8dcc2573920066af9a/$FILE/obesity-toolkit.pdf
Nitsch, M., Waldherr, K., Denk, E., Griebler, U., Marent, B., & Forster, R. (2013). Participation by different stakeholders in participatory evaluation of health promotion: A literature review. Evaluation and Program Planning, 40, 42-54.
Severinsson, E. (2014). Capacity building–a challenge for nurse managers. Journal of nursing management, 22(4), 407-409.
Smylie, J., Kirst, M., McShane, K., Firestone, M., Wolfe, S., & O’Campo, P. (2016). Understanding the role of indigenous community participation in indigenous prenatal and infant-toddler health promotion programs in Canada: a realist review. Social Science & Medicine, 150, 128-143.
Swinburn, B., & Wood, A. (2013). Progress on obesity prevention over 20 years in Australia and New Zealand. Obesity Reviews, 14(S2), 60-68.
Teraumatatini.com. (2018). Te Rau Matatini |. Teraumatatini.com. Retrieved 27 April 2018, from https://teraumatatini.com/
Tpk.govt.nz. (2018). Ministers. Tpk.govt.nz. Retrieved 27 April 2018, from https://www.tpk.govt.nz/en/mo-te-puni-kokiri/who-we-are/our-people/ministers
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