Nursing Theories And Nursing Practices

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Nursing Theories And Nursing Practices

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Question:
Discuss about the Nursing Theories and Nursing Practices.

Answer:
Introduction:

Gibb’s model (1984) developed from the theoretical model of Kolb’s 4 stage experiential learning model. The highlight of this model is learning through experience. The Gibb’s model is also known as the iterative model. The highlight of this model is learning through repetition. The six stages of Gibb’s reflective cycle are that appeared in Learning By Doing in 1988 (Watson, 2013). The rationale behind the adoption of the Gibb’s Reflective model is to challenge the established assumptions, explore new approaches towards thinking strategies, promotion of self-improvement through the identification of strength and weaknesses and linking practise to theory through observation and knowledge. Below I have utilized the Gibb’s reflective model to reflect on my activities pertaining to the tutorial on week 5, week 6 and week 7
Description- On Week 5 we were introduced to the model of person- Centred Care (PCC) that was concerned with the discussion of person-centred and evidence-based practise for the healthcare and well-being of the patient. I particularly liked this patient-centred approach considering that it renders agency to the patients and recognizes their role in the promotion of collaborative healthcare. In this model, the patient and the healthcare professional take decision regarding the health of the patient. Patient-Centred Care also known as the Person Centred Care emerged in the 1960s as a challenge to the traditional practise of the healthcare professional occupying a hierarchical position and limiting the participation of patients in their healthcare delivery (Wilding, 2008). Although, PCC emerged in the nursing education, given its progressive and non-hierarchal approach to healthcare it has become a standard practise for healthcare professional. However, there are certain barriers to PCC (Patient-Centred Care) and those are skill-mix, focussing on the skill-based models of care and focusing on the funding for the throughput (Timmins & O’Shea, 2014). It has been found that less qualified professionals are rendered with high responsibility or the absence of adequate nurses to take care of the resident patients. Another recognized barrier is the allocation of tasks to different nurses instead of taking care of the patients and understanding their unique needs. The organizational culture is also found to be influential in determining the environment for patient care and patient support
During the initial period of my nurse training I had limited knowledge about nursing. Secondly, I did not have the opportunity to muster practical adaptation of the model of Gibb’s reflective cycle, clinical reasoning cycle, and Roper and Logan and Tierney Model of clinical care. With the introduction of clinical reasoning cycle I realized about the importance of the most appropriate clinical reasoning skills have appositive outcome on the patient. This is found to be quite significant considering the large number of negative patient outcome borne by the patients due to the incompetency of the nurses. I was not aware about the Roper-Logan-Tierney Model of living that I found to be redolent of the patient-centred care approach. This model promotes the autonomy of the patients and assess the change that occurred in their lives post illness and injury (Higgs, 2008). I learnt about the five key factors of biological, sociocultural, environmental, politicieconomical and psychological factors are important inform the theory of nursing with the aim of making it a holistic model. I realized the importance of daily living in the assessment of the patient. On week 7 we were introduced to the Clinical Reasoning Cycle that elaborated on the reflection and fostered critical thinking in the delivery of healthcare service. I was introduced to the five kinds of emotional stressors those are social support networks, centre of control, life perspective, emotional control and preparation for stress.

Positive aspects of the module
The Patient-Centred Care (PCC) provided me an opportunity to understand about the needs of the patient and appreciate that patients are not passive recipients of healthcare delivery but are active agents (Finlay, 2008). I really appreciate that the patient-centred care or the person-centred care recognizes the rights and agency of the dementia patients and their individual needs. This kind of approach is the considered to be the most appropriate practise for mental health, paediatric patients and chronic illness that I feel is completely right. This module enabled me to view nursing from a different perspective. It is not a service that we do to people but it is the effective healthcare delivery through partnership. In week 7 we were introduced to the unique approach that is required in dealing with paediatric patients. Children experience extreme level of stress during illness (Smith & Parker, 2015). This is because during the course of illness the positive rewards of sports, food and other forms of leisure and recreation are removed from the lives of the children. Environment can have an impact in the recovery of the patients and this is evident in the role of the negative environment that inhibits the recovery of paediatric patients.
One negative aspect of the patient-centred care is that it may render too much power to the patients that may not allow the healthcare professional to make the rightful interventions. I feel that critical care is often neglected in the delivery of healthcare as the traditional models of healthcare delivery promotes status-quoist versions of healthcare delivery with the view that the medical institutions and healthcare practitioners possess the requisite healthcare knowledge and the other stakeholders of the medical professions lack suck such knowledge.
Although I was initially daunted about my potential to grasp the course but right now I feel confident that I have been able to understand the nuances of the nursing profession. I feel the critical model of nursing care is in conjunction with my personal philosophy regarding the nursing profession.
Conclusion
I would like to state that modules for week 5, week 6 and week 7 have taught me to remap and reinterpret the nursing profession. I have understood the importance of critical thinking, understanding the unique needs of the patients and PCC as key to acing the nursing profession.
I need to concentrate in the class to realize the gaps in learning and improving the same. Secondly, I need to interact with the patients and understand in what ways the different lifeworlds of the patients have impact on their healthcare.

References
Finlay, L. (2008). Reflecting on reflective practice. PBPL paper, 52, 1-27.
Higgs, J. (2008). Clinical reasoning in the health professions. Elsevier Health Sciences.
Smith, M. C., & Parker, M. E. (2015). Nursing theories and nursing practice. FA Davis.
Timmins, F., & O’Shea, J. (2014). The Roper–Logan–Tierney (1996) model of nursing as a tool for professional development in education. Nurse education in practice, 4(3), 159-167.
Watson, R. (2013). Nursing research in the 21 st century. Journal of Health Specialties, 1(1), 13.
Wilding, P. M. (2008). Reflective practice: a learning tool for student nurses. British Journal of Nursing, 17(11), 720-724.

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