NURS 6512: Advanced Health Assessment and Diagnostic Reasoning Final Exam

NURS 6512: Advanced Health Assessment and Diagnostic Reasoning Final Exam

NURS 6512: Advanced Health Assessment and Diagnostic Reasoning Final Exam
Question 1
Breath odors may clue the examiner to certain underlying metabolic conditions. The odor of ammonia on the breath may signify:

diabetic ketoacidosis.

hepatic dysfunction.

tuberculosis.

uremia.

 
D
 
Question 2
A parent is advised to restrict contact or collision sports participation for their child. An example of a sport in which this child could participate is: NURS 6512: Advanced Health Assessment and Diagnostic Reasoning Final Exam

hockey.

roller skating.

skateboarding.

riflery.

D
 
 
 
Question 3
To assess a cremasteric reflex, the examiner strokes the:

abdomen and observes whether the umbilicus moves away from the stimulus.

skin around the anus and observes for the anal wink.

inner thigh and observes whether the testicle and scrotum rise on the stroked side.

palm and observes whether the fingers attempt to grasp.

 
 
 
 
Question 4
Inspection of the scrotum should reveal:

two testes per sac.

smooth scrotal sacs.

left scrotal sac lower than the right.

lightly pigmented skin.

C
 
 
 
Question 5
One of the most important aspects to consider in the orthopedic screening examination is:

symmetry.

muscle contraction.

balance.

flexibility.

 
 
 
Question 6
Tarry black stool should make you suspect:

upper intestinal bleeding.

rectal fistula.

prostatic cancer.

internal hemorrhoids.

Question 7
Which one of the following is a proper technique for use of a speculum during a vaginal examination?

Insert one finger; insert opened speculum.

Press introitus downward; insert closed speculum obliquely.

Allow labia to spread; insert speculum slightly open.

Spread labia; insert closed speculum horizontally.

D
 
 
Question 8
The Mini-Mental State Examination should be administered for the patient who:

has repetitive ritualistic behaviors.

uses illegal hallucinogenic drugs.

sleeps an excessive amount of time.

gets lost in her neighborhood.

 
 
 
 
Question 9
If pitting edema is unilateral, you would suspect occlusion of a:

superficial artery.

major vein.

surface capillary.

lymphatic duct.

B
 
Question 10
You are inspecting the genitalia of an uncircumcised adult male. The foreskin is tight and cannot be easily retracted. You should:

chart the finding as paraphimosis.

transilluminate the glans.

inquire about previous penile infections.

retract the foreskin firmly.

 
 
 
Question 11
Postural hypotension is defined as a _____ when the patient stands, compared with sitting or supine readings.

systolic pressure drop of more than 15 mm Hg with a pulse rate increase

pulse rate decrease with a systolic pressure increase of at least 15 mm Hg

pulse rate decrease and diastolic pressure decrease of more than 5 mm Hg

diastolic pressure increase of more than 5 mm Hg and no pulse rate changes

 
 
 
Question 12
Your older clinic patient is being seen today as a follow-up for a 2-day history of pneumonia. The patient continues to have a productive cough, shortness of breath, and lethargy and has been spending most of the day lying in bed. You should begin the chest examination by:

determining tactile fremitus.

percussing all lung fields.

estimating diaphragmatic excursion.

auscultating the lung bases.

 
 
Question 13
A red, hot swollen joint in a 40-year-old man should lead you to suspect:

cellulitis.

bursitis.

trauma.

gout.

D
Question 81
You are examining a patient in the emergency department who has recently sustained head trauma. In order to initially assess this patient’s neurologic status, you would:

test the six cardinal points of gaze.

observe for swallowing and test the gag reflex.

palpate the jaw muscles as the patient clenches teeth.

ask him to discriminate between the smell of orange and peppermint.

A
 
 
 
 
 
Question 14
While examining a 30-year-old woman, you note that one breast is slightly larger than the other. In response to this finding, you should:

tell the patient to get a mammary sonogram as soon as possible.

ask the patient if she has ever had breast cancer.

tell the patient to get a mammogram as soon as possible.

note the finding in the patient’s record.

 
 
 
Question 15
The Mini-Mental State Examination:

will determine the cause of memory loss.

scores do not vary with regard to age or education.

may be used to quantitatively estimate cognitive changes.

may be used to qualitatively estimate personality disorders.

C
 
 
 
Question 16
Breath sounds normally heard over the trachea are called:

bronchovesicular.

bronchial.

vesicular.

amphoric.

B
 
 
 
Question 17
Electrical activity recorded by the electrocardiogram (ECG) tracing that denotes the spread of the stimulus through the atria is the:

QRS complex.

ST segment.

P wave.

PR interval.

c
 
Question 18
The best way to ease the apprehension of a 3-year-old child before a physical examination is to:

hand the child a picture book.

explain that you will be gentle.

let the child hold the stethoscope while you listen.

tell the child he or she will get a lollipop for good behavior.

C
 
 
 
Question 19
A patient you are seeing in the emergency department for chest pain is suspected of having a myocardial infarction. During the health history interview of his family history, he relates that his father had died of “heart trouble.” The most important follow-up question you should pose is which of the following?

“What age was your father at the time of his death?”

“Did your father’s father have heart trouble also?”

“Did your father have coronary bypass surgery?”

“What were your father’s usual dietary habits?”

A
 
 
 
Question 20
An examiner has rotated a brush several times into the cervical os. The brush was withdrawn and stroked lightly on a glass slide. The slide was sprayed with fixative. Which type of specimen requires this technique for collection?

Trichomonas smear

Cytology smear

Haemophilus smear

Gonococcal culture

B
 
NURS 6512: Advanced Health Assessment and Diagnostic Reasoning Final Exam
 
Question 21
The goals of preparticipation sports evaluation include:

determining the best fit for positions in each sport.

identifying risk of injury or death during sports participation.

securing a legal contract before recommending limiting participation.

screening for steroid use or abuse.

B
Question 87
During a routine prenatal visit, Ms. T. was noted as having dependent edema, varicosities of the legs, and hemorrhoids. She expressed concern about these symptoms. You explain to Ms. T. that her enlarged uterus is compressing her pelvic veins and her inferior vena cava. You would further explain that these findings:

suggest that she is having twins.

indicate a need for hospitalization.

are usual conditions during pregnancy.

indicate the need for amniocentesis.

C
 
 
 
Question 88
The difference in blood pressure readings between the right and the left arms is considered normal up to _____ mm Hg.

20

25

5

10

 
 
 
 
 
Question 89
The presence of cervical motion tenderness may indicate:

vulvovaginitis.

pelvic inflammatory disease.

pregnancy.

nulliparity.

B
 
 
Question 90
When palpating breast tissue, the examiner should use the _____ at each site.

finger pads, gliding

fingertips, lifting

palms of the hands, gliding

ulnar surface of the hands, gliding

A
 
 
 
 
Question 91
Which portion of the physical examination is best done with the patient standing?

Neurologic

Musculoskeletal

Rectal

Spinal

D
 
 
 
 
 
Question 92
Adrian Thompson is a 19-year-old girl who presents to the clinic with complaints of severe, acute chest pain. Her mother reports that Andrian, apart from occasional sinus infections, Andrian is not prone to respiratory problems. What potential risk factor is most important to assess with regards to Adrian’s current problem?

Anorexia symptoms

Cocaine use

Covid-19 contact

Last menses

 
 
 
 
 
Question 93
While collecting personal and social history data from a woman complaining of breast discomfort, you should question her regarding: NURS 6512: Advanced Health Assessment and Diagnostic Reasoning Final Exam

history of medication allergies.

alcohol, tobacco, and caffeine use.

level of personal education.

amount of personal income.

B
 
 
 
Question 94
A 25 yo AA female has come to the clinic because she has missed her menstrual period this month and 2 months before. She says her cycles are irregular and she wants to be on birth control to help regulate them.  She states that her breasts have enlarged and that her nipples have turned a darker color. Your further response to this finding is to:

schedule an appointment with a surgeon.

suggest a pregnancy test

instruct her that this is a side effect of birth control injection therapy.

refer her to a gynecologist for pap smear

 
 
 
 
 
 
Question 95
Part of the screening orthopedic component of the examination includes evaluating the person while he or she is:

performing push-ups.

twisting at the waist.

crossing the arms over the chest.

duck walking.

 
 
 
 
 
Question 96
Functional assessment is most important during the examination of a(n):

infant.

young adult.

adolescent.

older adult.

D
 
 
 
 
Question 97
You are conducting a preparticipation physical examination for a 10-year-old girl with Down syndrome who will be playing basketball. She has slight torticollis and mild ankle clonus. What additional diagnostic testing would be required for her?NURS 6512: Advanced Health Assessment and Diagnostic Reasoning Final Exam

Mini-Mental State Examination

Visual acuity

Nerve conduction studies

Cervical spine radiograph

D
 
 
 
 
 
Question 98
Which one of the following techniques is used to detect a torn meniscus?

Drawer test

McMurray test

Thomas test

Trendelenburg test

 
 
 
 
Question 99
Assessing orientation to person, place, and time helps determine:

ability to understand analogies.

abstract reasoning.

state of consciousness.

attention span.

 
 
 
 
Question 100
When assessing a 17-year-old for nuchal rigidity, you gently raise his head off the examination table. He involuntarily flexes his hips and knees. To confirm your suspicions associated with this positive test, you would also perform a test for the _____ sign.

Babinski

obturator

Brudzinski

Kernig

D
NURS 6512: Advanced Health Assessment and Diagnostic Reasoning Final Exam