HNB1102 Foundations In Nursing

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HNB1102 Foundations In Nursing

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HNB1102 Foundations In Nursing

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Course Code: HNB1102
University: Victoria University

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Country: Australia

Questions:
1.    Is health merely the absence of disease, or is it more complex and comprehensive?  Identify two (2) factors that can influence a person’s view on health and discuss why these are relevant to nursing practice and care provision.
 2.    The “No Lift” approach is advocated by Worksafe Victoria as best practice for patient manual handling in the healthcare industry. Briefly describe Occupational Health & Safety (OH&S) and identify two (2) control measures implemented to meet the “No Lift” approach and discuss how they reduce the risk of musculoskeletal injuries faced by nurses within Australian health care settings.    

Answers:
Australian nursing federation has developed a policy which concerns with the occupational health and safety of health professionals mainly nurses. It was mainly developed in order to reduce the dangerous effects that the nurses were developing due to exposure to different types of unsafe environments, unsafe tasks as well as unsafe handling of patients, unsafe use of technical instruments, sharp surgical objects and many others (anmf.org.au, 2017). The policy helped to reflect the duties of both the employees as well as the employers to ascertain that the different initiatives taken by the nurses to treat and care for the patients do not in turn harm the health of nurses. The following essay will mainly show the background by which NO LIFT policy came into activity and how it changed the overall scenario of the health and safety environments of the nurses. It will also show two control measures which helped the policy to gain foothold and indeed helped in reducing back injury events among nurses in hospitals.
The policy dictates the nurses, midwives as well as the nurses to continue their work plans in safe as well as healthy work environments in such a way that it does not pose threat to their own physical as well as psychological health and safety. The policy has also instructed the employers with a set of rules that they also need to initiate in their organizations assuring that the health of their employees are not compromised (Kneafsey, Clifford & Greenfield, 2015). Other than planning of an environment that maintain safety in different practices of the nurses, the policy also covers important rules in different domains like manual handling, blood borne pathogens and other infectious diseases, usage of different hazardous substances and others.
The ‘NO LIFT’ policy had been proposed by the Australian Nursing Federation particularly by the Victorian branch after the report which was submitted by Elizabeth Langford AM in the year 1996. She was a member of the Injured Nurses Support Group who laid down a report after she conducted a survey of the impact faced by nurses after injury and also the impact faced by the industry and the community. Following this the policy was developed based on the model which was proposed by Royal College of Nursing in the United Kingdom (Park et al., 2015). When the Department of Human Services had initiated the project called the Victorian Nurses Back Injury Prevention Project (VNBIPP), it was reported that nurses claimed for about 54% of the compensation which was demanded by all the employees of the health industry. The industry had to pay huge sums accounting for about 50 million per year as employees’ compensation premiums and the nurses demanded half of this amount for their back injuries. So there came a highly urgent situation to reduce the high rate o injury to nurses as well as to reduce the associated human and financial cost to nurses, community and the industry. The Department of Human Services’ VNBIPP Evaluation Report 2002 had successfully shown how the adoption of the policy had reduced injury to nurses by 48%, reduced cost of claims by 54% and also reduced days lost due to injury of the nurses by 74% (www2.health.vic.gov.au, 2017). This success ensures inculcation of the policy in modern practice for the betterment of health and safety for nurses.
The first control measure which was implemented to ensure the working of the NO LIFT policy was to change the culture practiced by the nurses while handling the patients. This involved encouraging new attitudes amongst the nurses which mainly consisted of eliminating traditional unsafe practices. Such traditional practices often led to a high risk of injury amongst the nurses. The new practices that the policy wanted to include in the nursing environment is the inclusion of the usage of mechanical lifting aids as well as other equipments to assist nurses to carry out the manual handling tasks (Lee et al., 2015). The policy also said that patients will be encouraged to assist in their own transfers along with the introduction of handling aids to patients as they all helped in reducing back injury risks of nurses. These changes in the nursing attitudes were very important as the nurses always took upon them the duty of manual handling as their priority and did not have any other option other than that. Therefore changing of the nurse attitudes and their own practices ensured that there was overall reduction in the injury rates (Aslam et al., 2015).
The second control measure other than the nurse’s own initiative to change their traditional practices is the organizational change which is also important. The later is significant because the organizational initiatives should be such that it would support the nurses changing practices in manual handling (Arsalani et al., 2014). These mainly included the organization to conduct proper patient handling risk assessment to evaluate that whether the techniques applied by nurses are harmful or not. Proper allocation of resources to provide the nurses to use mechanical aids and other equipments was done so that the nurses’ health was not compromised at any cost. Proper modifications of the work environments for the nurses were done so that it supported the changing techniques of the nurse’s manual handling of patients (Choi & Brings, 2016). Moreover, the organization also made sure that it allocated enough funds of the training sessions of the nurses. The training sessions involved proper training of all the staffs in using the correct modes of equipments and learning of techniques that included moving as well as transferring of patients.
From the above essay, it therefore becomes clear that the introduction of NO LIFT policy as initiatives for occupational health and safety maintenance had helped in reducing back injury events of nurses even by reducing the risk of musculoskeletal accidents. Two different control measures that had shown positive results were the nurses changing attitudes for maintenance of their own safety and also the initiatives taken by the organisation for the benefit of the nurses. When both the stakeholders work for the same goal, it helps to achieve the goal without any fail. 
References:
anmf.org.au. (2017). Australian nursing Federation. [online] Available at: https://anmf.org.au/documents/policies/P_OHS.pdf [Accessed 24 Jul. 2017].
Arsalani, N., Fallahi-Khoshknab, M., Josephson, M., & Lagerström, M. (2014). Musculoskeletal disorders and working conditions among Iranian nursing personnel. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 20(4), 671-680.
Aslam, I., Davis, S. A., Feldman, S. R., & Martin, W. E. (2015). A review of patient lifting interventions to reduce health care worker injuries. Workplace health & safety, 63(6), 267-275.
Choi, S. D., & Brings, K. (2016). Work-related musculoskeletal risks associated with nurses and nursing assistants handling overweight and obese patients: A literature review. Work, 53(2), 439-448.
Kneafsey, R., Clifford, C., & Greenfield, S. (2015). Perceptions of hospital manual handling policy and impact on nursing team involvement in promoting patients’ mobility. Journal of clinical nursing, 24(1-2), 289-299.
Lee, S. J., Lee, J. H., & Gershon, R. R. (2015). Musculoskeletal symptoms in nurses in the early implementation phase of california’s safe patient handling legislation. Research in nursing & health, 38(3), 183-193.
Park, S., Lavender, S. A., Sommerich, C. M., & Patterson, E. S. (2014, September). Barriers and facilitators affecting the adoption of ceiling lift interventions in nursing homes. In Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting (Vol. 58, No. 1, pp. 1405-1409). Sage CA: Los Angeles, CA: SAGE Publications.
www2.health.vic.gov.au. (2017). Implementation Framework for the Introduction/Maintenance/ Extension of Nurse Back Injury Prevention Programs. [online] Available at: https://www2.health.vic.gov.au/Api/downloadmedia/%7BBC6E7C25-A040-49C9-8680-C4F2E1EA1B2F%7D [Accessed 24 Jul. 2017].

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